Public warned: Beware the deadly risk of reef fish poisoning

The Ministry of Fisheries has issued a public health warning urging Fijians to be extremely cautious when consuming reef fish, particularly pufferfish, due to the risk of tetrodotoxin (TTX) poisoning.

Recent cases in Fiji have highlighted the deadly consequences of eating improperly prepared reef fish, especially eggs and organs that may contain high levels of this potent neurotoxin.

The ministry stressed the seriousness of the issue, stating that improper handling and consumption of toxic reef fish, especially pufferfish eggs, has led to fatalities in Fiji.

“Pufferfish poisoning, resulting from improper fish handling, such as consuming pufferfish eggs, has led to fatalities in Fiji. This type of poisoning is caused by a potent toxin known as tetrodotoxin (TTX), and understanding what it is, how it functions, and its connection to incidents in Fiji is essential,” the Ministry stated.

“If the fish is not properly prepared and cleaned, it can cause severe paralysis and death. Since the eggs are part of the gonads, which often have very high toxin concentrations, eating eggs is hazardous. In some documented cases globally, people have died after eating pufferfish eggs. The eggs may be coated with or contain tetrodotoxin. 

𝑾𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝒊𝒔 𝒕𝒆𝒕𝒓𝒐𝒅𝒐𝒕𝒐𝒙𝒊𝒏?

Tetrodotoxin is a potent neurotoxin found in certain marine species, particularly pufferfish. It is concentrated in organs such as the liver, intestines, ovaries, and skin. The toxin is not destroyed by cooking, boiling, or freezing, making it especially dangerous if consumed unknowingly.

𝑺𝒚𝒎𝒑𝒕𝒐𝒎𝒔 𝒂𝒏𝒅 r𝒊𝒔𝒌𝒔

Symptoms of tetrodotoxin poisoning can appear within minutes to hours and include:

• Tingling or numbness of the lips, tongue, and mouth
• Nausea and vomiting
• Dizziness
• Muscle weakness
• Paralysis
• Respiratory failure in severe cases

The Ministry advises anyone experiencing these symptoms after eating fish to seek immediate medical attention. It is also recommended to avoid consuming reef fish for at least six months following treatment.

𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒎𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒚 a𝒘𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒔𝒔

To reduce the risk of fish poisoning:

• Share this advisory widely within your community.
• Avoid eating high-risk species such as pufferfish, barracuda, and moray eels.
• Consult fisheries experts for guidance on identifying toxic fish.
• Stay updated on local advisories and seasonal risks, especially during warmer months and cyclone season (October to April).

The Ministry continues to conduct surveys and provide training to fishers on safe handling practices. It also encourages the use of ice and proper hygiene to maintain seafood quality and reduce spoilage.

For further information or concerns, contact your local health authority or fisheries office.